Develoment Environment

To Keep everything  separate we have so many environments in software development.
For smaller companies , three environments (dev, stage, production) are common.
Larger companies will often have a QA  environment between dev and stage.
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1.Development/Dev: Working code copy.This is where the software is developed. Changes made by developers are deployed here so integration and features can be tested.This environment is rapidly updated and contains the most recent version of the application.
In some situations this could be the developer's desktop, in other situations this would be a server shared by several developers working together on the same project. This environment should resemble the production environment as much as possible to prevent issues where the software acts differently on production.
2. Quality Assurance/QA: Not all companies will have this . testing the software without shutting down the development. This provides a less frequently changed version of the application which testers can perform checks against. This allows reporting on a common revision so developers know whether particular issues found by testers has already been corrected in the development code.
After application developed to an agreed stage it is released to the testing environment. testers ensure the quality of the application, open bugs and review the bug fixes. This environment should resemble production because this is the last place to find  and fix environment-related bugs.
3.Stage : Beta Testing.Mirror of the Production Environment.  Used to test the application in production environment without having users access the application yet. This environment is used to make sure security settings are correct and that other services on PC or server do not interfere with the application.The staging area contains the "next" version of the application and is used for final stress testing and client/manager approvals before going live
4. Production : Software to go live.The software running on the user's machine is the production environment.Changes to this environment happen in periodic updates to the software after the application changes have passed through the previous three environments.  The other environments help ensure that the application is well tested and stable when it is released.
other.
This is the currently released version of the application, accessible to the client/end users. This version preferably does not change except for during scheduled releases.
1.SandBox:Another copy of Development, QA, or Production to test major upgrades of hardware or software before applying it to the DEV, QA/STAGE, and PRODUCTION platforms
2.DISASTER RECOVERY - This may be an exact copy of Production (like #3 stage above) but may be completely in another area/region from where the primary data center is.  It will probably be on another power and communication grid.  It'll be the goto site in case the primary site goes down and may even be having the current changes that are happening in PRODUCTION being applied to it in a synchronous or delayed fashion.
AKA---Also Known As
1.Development 2.Testing  
3.UAT(User Acceptance Testing):
In a client-vendor projects, the software then moves from internal testing(done by vendor testers) to client testing. This is where the client testers verify the quality of the application and send issues for the vendor to fix.
4.Staging
The staging site is used to assemble, test and review new versions of a website before it goes into production. The staging phase of the software lifecycle is often tested on hardware that mirrors hardware used in the production environment. The staging site is often different from the development site, and provides a final QA zone that is separate from the development or production environments. 2

Production Environment

This is where the application goes out to the world and become production. Content can be updated from the staging environment in to Production Environment, when available, as well as new application functionality and bug fixes release from UAT or staging environment
Environment                                                      Description
Local                                                                 Developer's desktop/work station
Development                                                     Development server AKA sandbox
Integration                                  CI(continues Integration) build target , or for developer testing of side effects
Test/QA                                        For functional, performance testing , Quality Assurance etc
UAT                                                      user Acceptance Testing
Stage/Pre-production                           mirror of production environment
Production/Live                                 Servers end-users /clients


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